utopiArte

2024-07-15 18:39:15

The earth of our grandchildren | La tierra de nuestros nietos

extract from a private conversation escribió:

Truth be spoken, @mʕ•ﻌ•ʔm bitPickup is simply committed to his word, #motherNature and the project @La tierra de nuestros nietos, facing #climateGrief alone if necessary, while looking how to survive and move forward that project about niches and petridishes of biodiversity:

#ALT4you
Kris McDivitt #Tompkins is sitting somewhere in #southAmerica observing nature while talking to the camera in the recent documentary Wild Life.

#wildLife #nature #conservation #project #Uruguay #tierraNietos

TupambAdminOrg [2024.03]

2025-03-04 01:53:49

v.04

!Friendica Support
#friendica Q&A @Tutorial

deadlink

questions to solve

How does the setting:
'php_path' =>, definable in the /config/local.config.php or by the console via /bin/console config work exactly?
What is php-gmp?
It figures in standard php modules installation of the friendica tutorial, apparently it is not available in -fpm:
What about the following modules:
https://gist.github.com/anwas/4873797fd515c69e6f05d9e6d2880e01
These modules figure for apache2 but apparently have no comparable -fpm version:
libapache2-mod-php
libapache2-mod-fcgid
Are these just "some libraries that are used (or not?).

Intro | what is PHP

PHP is the "P" in any LAM"P" installation and there for a main part of the back bone of apache web servers. It is a general-purpose scripting language geared towards web development and one of the main actors not only in providing functionality to a website and the services it provides but also responsible for the speed and responsiveness of the service provided. At the same time it's correct implementation as well as version and services used is in part a main ingredient of the security and the reliability of the whole system, so changes as well as the main initial decisions about the general setup itself define even chances of creating vulnerabilities of the entire setup.

Reasons and goals of modifying the standard PHP settings of a basic LAMP server

This tutorial was created in view of modifying a standard single domain VPS installation, in this case a setup created for a friendica fediVerse node. The goal is to activate PHP-fpm as the provider for the PHP services of the LAMP installation, the apache2 server. Also part of the intention is to become able to vary the PHP version for the respective domain and the respective platform version that is using it, becoming independent of standard updates of the PHP version by the server environment, preventing incompatibilities out of automated updating procedures. As the intention is to create a VPS environment that serves several domains with different platforms, or platform versions, it is necessary to be able to install and use different PHP versions that fit the specific development stages and needs of the respective platforms.

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Why PHP-fpm

PHP-fpm is a modification of the standard PHP setup in LAMP servers, adding certain capabilities that allow on one hand more specific settings, including options to speed up processes, while taking certain risks in security and vulnerability of the system as the code and options increase. It is a widely used modification in the LAMP server environment with an evolution of over two decades to the point that it has evolved into being even considered as a basic integration into the standard apache LAMP server setup. As for now it is not part of the basic debian setup and it's repository has to be added by a specific PPA, a fact that adds the need to add the option of adding PPA's to a basic debian system. PPA's are a source to add extra features with repos not included in the debian main distribution. They are a standard in ubuntu and have become common in the GNU-linux debian environment. It is necessary, and probably always will be necessary, to add the PPA function itself to the basic debian setup, as the main goal of debian itself is to be a simple and restricted backbone where additional well defined tools can be added as needed.
Main functions of PHP-fpm:

• separating the PHP process from the apache server
• speeding up processes by allowing to run multiple processes at the same time
• adjusting and fine tuning multiple processes depending on the capabilities of the hardware
• adjusting and fine tuning processes depending on the capabilities of the respective platforms
• enabling the use of different php versions for different domains and there for different platforms or different platform versions.
• adding access to PHP versions that are still in development and not at disposition in standard stable release of a server software which normally is designed to create a stable and reliable production environment for VPS server, enabling setups for the development of software and platforms.

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DIY standard procedures - best practice

Open a minimalistic text editor of your choice (e.g. mousepad/kate) to store basic and important information of your interaction with the CLI (console).
Backup the commands and copy/paste notes of the basic results as well as information of your search and queries.

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checking the existing settings before any modification

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo php -v
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo php --version
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo php
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo which php
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo ls -l /usr/bin/
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo ls -l /etc/alternatives/

adding PHP-fpm PPA to the system

check that your system is up to date
add PPA's as sources to the system
add the PHP-fpm PPA to the system

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt get update
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt get upgrade
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo install software-properties-common
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

default installation of php and php-fpm specific files

libapache2-mod-php -> to run PHP scripts on apache, necessary for -fpm?
libapache2-mod-fcgid -> unclear if necessary for -fpm
php -> standard PHP
php-fpm -> standard PHP-spm module
php-mysql -> Allows PHP to interact with MySQL databases
php-cgi -> run PHP scripts without apache PHP module
php-cli -> run PHP scripts from the command line

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php libapache2-mod-fcgid php php-fpm php-mysql php-cgi php-cli

specific additional modules to run friendica

php-common ->
php-curl -> URL transfer in PHP applications
php-gd -> image processing
php-imagick ->
php-intl ->
php-mbstring -> support for UTF-8 text formats
php-sqlite3 ->
php-xml -> XML support
php-xmlrpc ->
php-zip -> ZIP file support

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt install php-common php-curl php-gd php-imagick php-intl php-mbstring php-sqlite3 php-xml php-xmlrpc php-zip

some more optional basic modules:

php-phpdbg ->
php-imap ->
imagemagick ->
php-mcrypt ->
php-json ->
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt install php-phpdbg php-imap imagemagick php-mcrypt php-json

enable apache php-fpm modules and activate PHP-fpm

proxy_fcgi: connect apache with PHP-fpm as a proxy server
setenvif: setting environment variables inbetween apache and PHP-fpm
enable the default PHP-fpm configuration
restart the apache server to initialize the changes

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo a2enconf php-fpm
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo systemctl restart apache2

standard instalation of a specific php-fpm version | example php7.4

all avilabel modules:
php7.4 php7.4-cli php7.4-common php7.4-dev php7.4-fpm php7.4-cgi libphp7.4-embed php7.4-phpdbg php7.4-readline php7.4-curl php7.4-mysql php7.4-sqlite3 php7.4-pgsql php7.4-imap imagemagick php7.4-imagick php7.4-gd memcached php7.4-memcached php7.4-memcache php7.4-opcache php-apcu php-apcu-bc php7.4-apcu php7.4-apcu-bc php7.4-igbinary php7.4-mcrypt php7.4-bcmath php7.4-zip php7.4-bz2 xml2 php7.4-xml php7.4-tidy php7.4-xsl php7.4-json php7.4-intl php7.4-mbstring php7.4-pspell php7.4-ldap php7.4-soap php7.4-xmlrpc php-pear pkg-php-tools shtool dh-php dh-make php-geoip php7.4-geoip libruby
Use the following command to search available PHP 7 modules in the package repository.
sudo apt-cache search php7*

basic modules to work with and run properly php7.4-fpm

libapache2-mod-php -> to run PHP scripts on apache, necessary for -fpm?
libapache2-mod-fcgid -> unclear if necessary for -fpm
php7.4 -> standard PHP
php7.4-fpm -> standard PHP-spm module
php7.4-mysql -> Allows PHP to interact with MySQL databases
php7.4-cgi -> run PHP scripts without apache PHP module
php7.4-cli -> run PHP scripts from the command line

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php7.4 php7.4 php7.4-fpm php7.4-cgi php7.4-cli php7.4-mysql

specific additional modules to run friendica

php7.4-common ->
php7.4-curl -> URL transfer in PHP applications
php7.4-gd -> image processing
php7.4-imagick ->
php7.4-intl ->
php7.4-mbstring -> support for UTF-8 text formats
php7.4-sqlite3 ->
php7.4-xml -> XML support
php7.4-xmlrpc ->
php7.4-zip -> ZIP file support

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt install php7.4-common php7.4-curl php7.4-gd php7.4-intl php7.4-zip php7.4-xml php7.4-xmlrpc php7.4-imagick php7.4-mbstring php7.4-sqlite3

some more optional basic modules:

php7.4-phpdbg ->
hp7.4-imap ->
imagemagick ->
php7.4-mcrypt ->
php7.4-json ->
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo apt install php7.4-phpdbg php7.4-imap imagemagick php7.4-mcrypt php7.4-json

activate php7.4-fpm

enable php7.4
restart the apache server to initialize the changes

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo a2enconf php7.4-fpm
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo systemctl restart apache2

check the existing settings after the modification

rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo php -v
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo php --version
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo php
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo which php
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo ls -l /usr/bin/
rootname@VPShosting:~# sudo ls -l /etc/alternatives/

Links to howTo's, DIY's, tutorials and other additional information on the web

apache2
debian PHP
ubuntu PHP
PHP-fpm
how-to-install-lamp-stack-on-ubuntu
how-to-install-php-7-4-and-set-up-a-local-development-environment-on-ubuntu-20-04
learn-how-to-install-lamp-PHP-FPM-on-ubuntu-22-04
lidaobing/php-fpm.conf
[Multiple PHP versions on Ubuntu]anwas/multiple-php.txt | #php #dev #ispconfig

v.02

How does the setting:
'php_path' =>, definable in the /config/local.config.php or by the console via /bin/console config work exactly?
command and code recollection till now:
/usr/bin/
/usr/bin/phpX.YZ
/etc/php/8.1/fpm
specific (changeable)settings of the specific php version
/etc/php/8.1/apache2/php.ini
commands in CLI (console)
crontab -e
php -v
php --version
ls -l
successive (?):
php
which php
check that php-cli is installed
/var/www/domainfolder/bin/console config
ls -l /usr/bin/

ls -l /usr/bin/

php -> /etc/alternatives/php
php.default -> php8.3
php5.6
php7.2
php8.1
php8.3
php8.4
phpdbg -> /etc/alternatives/phpdbg
phpdbg8.4

ls -l /etc/alternatives/

ls -l /etc/alternatives/

php -> /usr/bin/php.default
php-fpm.sock -> /run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock
php.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/man1/php.default.1.gz
phpdbg -> /usr/bin/phpdbg8.4
phpdbg.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/man1/phpdbg8.4.1.gz

update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php8.4
update-alternatives --config php

update-alternatives --config php

There are 6 choices for the alternative php (providing /usr/bin/php).
Selection Path Priority Status
------------------------------------------------------------
0 /usr/bin/php.default 100 auto mode
1 /usr/bin/php.default 100 manual mode
2 /usr/bin/php5.6 56 manual mode
3 /usr/bin/php7.2 72 manual mode
* 4 /usr/bin/php8.1 81 manual mode
5 /usr/bin/php8.3 83 manual mode
6 /usr/bin/php8.4 84 manual mode
Press <enter> to keep the current choice
, or type selection number:]

add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
/etc/apache2/mods-available/
/etc/apache2/mods-enabled/
a2enmod php7.4
a2dismod php7.2
a2enmod actions fcgid alias proxy_fcgi
/etc/apache2/sites-available/
/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/
a2ensite domain.com.conf
a2dissite domain.com.conf
service apache2 restart
service apache2 reload (?)
systemctl restart apache2
systemctl status apache2
systemctl status php7.2-fpm
systemctl start php7.2-fpm
prints
PHP version 8.1.31 php.ini /**/8.1/fpm/php.ini
definitions/rules/settings in files
'php_path' =>
'php_path' => '/usr/bin/php'
'php_path' => '/etc/php/8.1/fpm/'
{crontab-worker}
files
/var/www/domainfolder/config/local.config.php
/etc/apache2/sites-available/domain.com.conf

questions to solve

are the php mods actions fcgid alias proxy_fcgi activated or not?
How would a complete setup as mod_php look like?
How would a complete setup as php-fpm look like?
What is the actual setup?
What is enabled?
Why doesn't castopod enable videos?
Is ffmpeg installed? (most likely)

to check out

syslog.ident string (?)
And than there is also the PPA sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/apache2, actually not mentioned anywhere else (what for?):
https://gist.github.com/anwas/4873797fd515c69e6f05d9e6d2880e01
some info
f you want to suppress the message and keep those packages installed (perhaps you're now using them), use:
apt-get install "package-name"
Notes about Alternatives systems
https://gist.github.com/anwas/4873797fd515c69e6f05d9e6d2880e01
For command line
It's important to note that there are four important PHP commands you should update if changing the default versions.
These include php, php-config, phpdbg and phpize. So, to fully migrate to PHP 8.0, execute the following:

  sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php8.0
    sudo update-alternatives --set php-config /usr/bin/php-config8.0
    sudo update-alternatives --set phpdbg /usr/bin/phpdbg8.0
    sudo update-alternatives --set phpize /usr/bin/phpize8.0
    sudo update-alternatives --set phar /usr/bin/phar8.0
    sudo update-alternatives --set phar.phar /usr/bin/phar.phar8.0

related:
how to install friendica on ubuntu VPS
castpod install
mySQL
Creating several friendica instances and other websites as sub/domains on one VPS with one IP

v.01

How does the setting:
'php_path' =>, definable in the /config/local.config.php or by the console via /bin/console config work exactly?
The setting 'php_path' => '/usr/bin/php', that actually also shows up in the crontab -e file doesn't exist as an existing folder structure and/or file, at least on this standard ubuntu server installation, but was the original setting of this instance when we ported it from a friendica beta hosting service over here to a single IP VPS server with a single domain. And till now with that setting this instance ran quite well.
Where does /usr/bin/php actually point to, by whom is ist accessed (www-data?) and is there a way to change the reference it points to (if it is actually a reference inside friendica)?
On this server, in the case of the installed friendica versions 2024.xx we set this to:
'php_path' => '/etc/php/8.1/fpm/' and for now the display in the admin panel looks quite right:
PHP version 8.1.31 php.ini /**/8.1/fpm/php.ini

reasons for this "help to understand" request

This server is being setup to host different sub/domains, including different and older friendica instances (3.4.3/2019.12/2021.01/2021.04). The idea is at least to be able eventually to evolve them step by step to the actual stable or old stable versions of friendica. To achieve that this tutorial was used to be able to manage different php versions on the same VPS. The references for the php versions were taken from this github page.
There for the way the php version used for the different friendica versions is crucial to make things work in the first place.

deadlink

EDITion | EN

2023-11-22 06:19:48

Ver. 05 | install and/or move friendica to ubuntu 22.04 LTS VPS server

EDIT - information

This tutorial is supposed to be published by the tutorial profile of this server.
It is designed to have several chapters, each being distinctively seperated by an own titel. In total as of now there are like besides this introduction like 6 chapters.
posting and edition time of and by this EDIT profileof ver05 as of now 1hs
mastodon review contact: @mʕ•ﻌ•ʔm bitPickup

--
Categories:

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@helpers@forum.friendi.ca

SPOILER - click to open/close || Introduction

This tutorial is an adaption of the tutorial "creating a friendica server - ubuntu" by @Hank G ☑️ based on the experience of the installation report by @…ᘛ⁐̤ᕐᐷ jesuisatire bitPickup:
https://squeet.me/display/962c3e10-5765-2e86-4a15-589579746174
and specific help by @Raroun.

Server specs and friendica version used:
VPS server | Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
PHP Version 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14
4 Core CPU, 8 GB Ram with 300GB NVME Disk
Friendica [STABLE] | 'Giant Rhubarb' 2023.05 - 1518

SPOILER - click to open/close || Installation environment and HowTo

The only reasonable way to work with a VPSserver on the web is using the console.
If you are not familiar with that don't worry, it is easy and the only thing you have to do is being able to copy/paste the commands displayed:
¡Copy/paste only the codeBoxes like this one, located outside of the spoilers of this tutorial one after another without altering the sequence!
Of course it is necessary to change the specific file names and passwords for you indiviual site, but that's all. promise!
On the console you wont be able to copy/paste with the keyboard ctrl-C/ctrl-V technique, you'll have to use the mouse "right click, chose option" technique.
This tutorial was created on a #debian #linux desktop environment.
There shouldn't be differences if you want to do this from a #windows machine.
The method used for communication between your local computer and the VPS server is called #SSH:
Wikipedia - Secure Shell:
"Cryptographic network protocol for secure data communication, remote shell services or command execution and other secure network services between two networked computers."

#linux #debian #ubuntu #friendica #fediVerse #fediTutorial #tutorial #fediHelp #fediTips #activityPub #HowTo #DIY #VPS #server #selfHosting
@admin@tupambae.org @tutorial@tupambae.org